UDC 140.8+330.366+378.1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30839/2072-7941.2018.155558
COMPETITION OF HUMANIST PARADIGMS DURING THE
REFORM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN UKRAINE
© KIRIK, T. V.
Kyiv Medical University (Kyiv, Ukraine)
E-mail: kirikt@ukr.net, ORCID – 0000-0002-1970-7167
© SHEVCHUK, I. K.
Kyiv Medical University (Kyiv, Ukraine)
E-mail: iryna.71@meta.ua, ORCID – 0000-0002-6788-2912
© KIRIK, V. O.
Kyiv Medical University (Kyiv, Ukraine)
E-mail: kirikt@ukr.net, ORCID – 0000-0003-1544-3288

The urgency of the paper is to explore the impact of the latest discoveries of the exact
and human sciences on the activities of higher education in its ideological perspective. There
is a tendency to increasing interest of medical students not only in professional issues, but
also in the general atmosphere of changes in health care and the requirements already
formulated by the society of the future. The purpose of the article is to continue our study of
the historical and philosophical evolution of humanistic ideas and views from the ideas of the
times of Antiquity up to modern theories and futuristic predictions. The problem of the study
is to analyze the phenomenon of transhumanism as the result of unrealistic expectations about
the easy implementation of most people's dreams of health, happiness and even immortality.
The prospects of development of means and methods of "artificial intelligence" are also
studied. The research methods consist of combining the achievements of classical
philosophy with the successes of the youngest sciences that study human beings, operate large
data, use foresight and other means of forecasting. The central new notions are noosciences
and nootechnologies, which are able to save mankind from the threats to its existence. Results
of the research: a philosophical analysis of the new worldview – transhumanism has been
undertaken in the article. The reasons for its appearance in the second half of the twentieth
century are explained. The social and scientific sources and the main stages of the
consolidation of supporters of transhumanism in the world and national associations have
been studied. The variety of proposals of transhumanists and their relative unity as to the need
for "human perfection" have been also studied. The main variants of "Transhumanistic
manifestos (T-m)" have been analyzed and showed the existence of two flows of proposals -
technological and those oriented on changes in human behavior. It is proved that in our time
transhumanism is an option of fundraising - the collection of donations from the very rich
people who strive to live longer than it is possible now. It is indicated that transhumanism is
supported by the male segment of the citizens of the West, who are keen on technological
progress and, above all, fear of death. The position of T-m is positive for medical research.
The conclusions of our study showed the fact that existing variants of transhumanistic studies
use only a minority of modern and promising technologies. Even leading scientists from
Western Europe do not notice that among the nanotechnologies, the number of
environmentally friendly nootechnologies is slowly growing. A group of scholars (K. Korsak
and others) are studying these technologies and offering an increasing number of noosciences.
We have chosen for our study the notion of "noohumanism". The article proves that in
worldview and educational aspects noohumanism based on the noosciences has not only
significant creative advantages over transhumanism, but is also devoid of its shortcomings.
Medical and other sectors of higher education in Ukraine should rely on noohumanism, not
transhumanism.
Key words: higher education, humanism, neo-humanism, transhumanism,
Transhumanistic Manifesto, immortality, modern medicine, noosciences, noohumanism